ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been p sented to him, the same shall be a law, in like man as if he had signed it, unless the congress, by their journment, prevent its return; in which case it shall be a law.

3. Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the co currence of the senate and house of representatives m be necessary (except on a question of adjournment) sh be presented to the president of the United States; a before the same shall take effect, shall be approved him, or being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed two thirds of the senate and house of representatives, a cording to the rules and limitations prescribed in the ca of a bill.

The congress shall have power

1. To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, excises; pay the debts, and provide for the common defence an general welfare of the United States; but all duties, in posts, and excises shall be uniform throughout the Unite States:

2. To borrow money on the credit of the Unite States: 3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and mong the several states, and with the Indian tribes:

4. To establish an uniform mode of naturalizatior and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies, through out the United States:

5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and o foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures 6. To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States: 7. To establish post-offices and post-roads:

8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts by securing, for limited times, to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and dis coveries.

9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the supreme court: To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations:

10. To declare war, grant letters of marque and re

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CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.

15

prisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water:

11. To raise and support armies; but no appropriation of money to that use, shall be for a longer term than two years.

12. To provide and maintain a navy:

13. To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces:

14. To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections, and repel

invasions::

15. To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the states, respectively, the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia, according to the discipline prescribed by congress:

16. To exercise exclusive legislation, in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of congress, become the seat of government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards and other needful buildings:-And

17. To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper, for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution, in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.

SECTION. 9.

1. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states, now existing, shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the congress, prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight: but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person.

2. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it.

3. No bill of attainder, or expost facto law, shall passed.

4. No capitation, or other direct tax, shall be laid, less in proportion to the census or enumeration her before directed to be taken.

5. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles export from any state. No preference shall be given by a regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of o state over those of another; nor shall vessels bound to from one state be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duti in another.

6. No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but consequence of appropriations made by law: and a reg lar statement and account of the receipts and expend tures of all public money shall be published from tin to time.

7. No title of nobility shall be granted by the Unite States, and no person holding any office of profit of tru under them, shall, without the consent of the congres accept of any present, emolument, office, or title of an kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign state.

1. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, o confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill o attajnder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts; or grant any title of nobility.

2. No state shall, without the consent of the congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws; and the nett produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any state on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the treasury of the United States, and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the congress. No state shall, without the consent of congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another state or with a foreign power, or engage in war unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay.

SECTION 1.

1. The executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with the vice president, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows:

2. Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors, equal to the whole number of senators and representatives to which the state may be entitled in the congress; but no senator or representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector.

3, [Annulled-See amendments, article 12.]

4. The congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes; which day shall be the same throughout the United States.

5. No person, except a natural born citizen or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of this constitution, shall be eligible to the office of president; neither shall any person be eligible to that office, who shall not have attained to the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States.

6. In case of the removal of the president from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the vice-president, and the congress may, by law, provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the president and vice-president, declaring what officer shall then act as president,* and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a president shall be elected.

7. The president shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within

*See sec. 9, chap. 109, vol. 2, U. S. laws.

C

that period any other emolument from the United Sta or any of them*

8. Before he enter on the execution of his office, shall take the following oath or affirmation:

9. "I DO SOLEMNLY SWEAR (or affirm) THAT I WI

FAITHFULLY EXECUTE THE OFFICE OF PRESIDENT OF TI UNITED STATES, AND WILL, TO THE BEST OF MY ABILIT PRESERVE, PROTECT, AND DEFEND THE CONSTITUTION THE UNITED STATES."

SECTION 2.

1. The president shall be commander in chief of th army and navy of the United States, and of the militia the several states, when called into the actual service the United States; he may require the opinion, in wri ing, of the principal officer in each of the executive d partments, upon any subject relating to the duties their respective offices; and he shall have power to gran reprieves and pardons for offences against the Unite States, except in cases of impeachment.

2. He shall have power, by and with the advice an consent of the senate, to make treaties, provided two thirds of the senators present concur: and he shall nom nate, and by and with the advice and consent of the se nate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the supreme court, and all othe officers of the United States, whose appointments are no herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be esta blished by law. But the congress may, by law, vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in the president alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments.

3. The president shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session.

SECTION 3.

1. He shall, from time to time, give to the congress information of the state of the union, and recommend to